Ensuring ubiquitous and uninterrupted service through unified TN/NTN coverage in 6G

Spectral properties for Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) and mobile radio spectrum (MS-IMT) are analyzed under regulatory frameworks.
Based on end-to-end requirements for 3D-networked automated mobility, an overall system concept for the unification of terrestrial and non-terrestrial technologies in 6G is developed.
The concept is mapped to existing GEO and LEO satellite systems, and migration scenarios are identified with satellite operators.

AI and machine learning optimize connectivity management across 3D networks through intelligent handover mechanisms between terrestrial and non-terrestrial systems, prediction-driven mobility management, and QoS-oriented multi-link strategies.
Unified protocols and traffic control enable seamless switching between concurrent TN/NTN connections, while spectrum-sharing concepts accommodate dynamic resource allocation.
The developed technologies are designed for integration into operational GEO and LEO satellite constellations.

The testbed demonstrates end-to-end TN/NTN service transmission using market-ready components across FR1 (terrestrial) and FR2 (non-terrestrial) bands, validating single connections and bidirectional handovers.
Satellite link properties are incorporated as boundary conditions informed by reference projects including Open6GHub, 6G-TakeOff, and SEVECODE.
The proof-of-concept leverages existing satellite capacity from Eutelsat OneWeb and emerging LEO constellations planned for integration through MediaMobil partnerships.
Ground infrastructure is provided by MediaMobil, with ESA testbeds – MIXELS, 6G-LINO, and SeRANIS – offering additional access to on-board processing capabilities.